Who is responsible for determining the design changes of the American flag?

The responsibility for determining the design changes of the American flag rests with Congress. This authority is derived from Title 4, Chapter 1 of the United States Code, which outlines the flag's design and specifies the process for making changes. Congress is the legislative body that has the power to create laws, which includes making amendments to the flag's design when necessary.

While the President does have a significant role in national symbolism and can suggest changes, any official alteration to the flag must go through Congress. The Supreme Court's function focuses on interpreting the Constitution and laws rather than directly involving itself in matters of flag design. Similarly, state governors do not have the authority to alter the national flag, as it is a federal matter governed by national legislation. Thus, Congress remains the sole entity that can legislate changes to the design of the American flag.